There are several types of shipping containers used in ocean freight, each designed for specific cargo types. Here are the main ones:
1. Standard Dry Containers (General Purpose Containers)
- Sizes: 20ft, 40ft, 45ft
- Usage: Used for general cargo (boxes, pallets, dry goods)
- Features: Fully enclosed, weatherproof
2. High Cube Containers
- Sizes: 40ft, 45ft
- Usage: Taller than standard containers (9’6” instead of 8’6”), ideal for voluminous cargo
3. Open Top Containers
- Sizes: 20ft, 40ft
- Usage: For oversized cargo that cannot fit through standard doors (e.g., machinery, heavy equipment)
- Features: Has a removable tarpaulin top instead of a solid roof
4. Flat Rack Containers
- Sizes: 20ft, 40ft
- Usage: Heavy or oversized cargo (e.g., vehicles, construction equipment)
- Features: No side walls, sometimes collapsible
5. Refrigerated Containers (Reefer Containers)
- Sizes: 20ft, 40ft
- Usage: Perishable goods (e.g., food, pharmaceuticals, chemicals)
- Features: Temperature-controlled environment
6. Insulated Containers
- Sizes: 20ft, 40ft
- Usage: For cargo needing temperature stability without active refrigeration
7. Tank Containers (ISO Tanks)
- Sizes: Typically 20ft
- Usage: Liquid cargo (chemicals, food-grade liquids, gases)
- Features: Stainless steel tank within a frame, pressurized or non-pressurized
8. Ventilated Containers
- Sizes: 20ft, 40ft
- Usage: Cargo needing airflow, such as coffee or cocoa beans
9. Side Door Containers
- Sizes: 20ft, 40ft
- Usage: Easier side access for loading/unloading
10. Double Door Containers (Tunnel Containers)
- Sizes: 20ft, 40ft
- Usage: Easier loading/unloading with doors on both ends
11. Hardtop Containers
- Sizes: 20ft, 40ft
- Usage: Similar to open-top but with a removable steel roof for added security
12. Pallet Wide Containers
- Sizes: 20ft, 40ft
- Usage: Optimized for European pallet sizes, increasing space efficiency